Publisher : Coal Information Research Institute
Published Date : 4/2010
Frequency : Annually
Language : Chinese
ISBN/ISSN : 10086528
Weight : 2.10kg
Availability : Usually ship within 48 hours
Book Type : Industry
Estimated Shipping Time

Coal, known as the food industry. In our lean, less gas, rich in coal, energy endowment of balance conditions, the coal industry as a pillar industry of China's energy supply, and its development to a large extent determines the overall strength of the national industrial progress. As the main strategy of energy in a longer period of time, coal and coal in China who quietly burn with their own glory and the dream of supporting the economic development of New China. Particularly after the founding in 1949, China's energy supply rely mainly on coal, coal can be said for the new China was born in the energy foundation laid. The golden age of 60 years, the coal industry has undergone enormous changes: from 1949 only 30 million tons of raw coal output to 27 million tons in 2008, into short supply by the overall balance; production from manual and semi-mechanized mainly into mechanization, modernization based; from a single industry, single business into coal-based, integrated development of the diversified structure, structural adjustment breakthrough; international influence, rising coal exports ranked second in the world Yuan, exports of mining machinery, technology and labor export, overseas resources development, gradually increasing. Coal, coal heating interdependence and development so that the coal's history and national life constantly upgrading and improving the closely linked to the promotion and witnessed China from the "subsistence" to "off" into the great course. China is the world found that use of the earliest coal mining country, China has a long history of coal mining industry. Geography famous "Shan Hai Jing" said coal as "Stone Line," and recorded several "Stone Line" place of origin, by the research are now the location of coal. For example, within the meaning of the book "Female bed of the Mountain", in Hua Hin Sai 600, the equivalent of today's coal Linyou Weibei, permanent life around: "Daughter of the Mountain", in this coal field in Sichuan Shifang Shuangliu and distribution in the region, Clearly, our findings and begin the era of coal far this morning. In the Han Dynasty some of the historical data, there is now in Henan 6 ditches, Dengfeng, Luoyang, etc. Mining records. Coal was not only used as firewood, and into boiling salt and iron in the fuel. Gong county is now in Henan with a briquette iron can also see the remains of that time. After the Han Dynasty, said coal as "graphite" or "Carboniferous." Shows that our working people, not only has a long history of coal, but also accumulated rich experience in searching for coal and coal geological knowledge. Before the birth of modern geology, it has created a certain level at the time of Coal Geology Science and Technology. Although rich in coal resources, a world, but only the early days the coal output of more than 3,000 tons, with China can not completely satisfy the basic coal. After the founding of new China, the coal industry has been rapid development. Coal production of 32.43 million tons in 1949, up to the estimated 2.9 billion tons in 2009 to become the world's coal industry, power, ending half a century of coal supply situation. After the founding of new China, after three years of economic recovery, to a five-year plan before 1952, annual production reached 66 million tons of coal. The end of the first five-year plan in 1957, coal 131 million tons, to the end of the second Five-Year Plan in 1962, the national coal 220 million tons. After three years of economic adjustment and consolidation, to 1965, national coal production was 232 million tons. Reform and opening up began in 1978, the national coal 618,000,000 tons. 1985, 8-72 million tons of coal, 1987, 928 million tons of coal annually. In 1989, coal 1.054 billion tons, breaking the one billion mark. Into the 90's, coal production increased year after year, in 1992, coal-producing 11.16 tons. In 1993, coal 1.15 billion tons. In 1994, coal 1.24 billion tons. In 1995, coal 1.361 billion tons. In 1996, coal 1.374 billion tons. In 1997, coal 1.373 billion tons. By 2008, national coal production more than 2.7 billion tons, accounting for 76.5% of energy production, coal consumption accounts for 70% of national energy consumption. 60 years, black "gold" not only provided a steady stream of China's industrial development power, coal mining technology from manual mining, semi-mechanized and mechanized, the progressive development of electrification, automation, digital exploitation. China's coal industry has made obvious achievements. New China Coal Industry Management System History October 1, 1949, the People's Republic was proclaimed. Countries have set up a fuel industries responsible for the management of coal, oil and power industry. Administration of Coal Mine Management consists of direct management of state-owned coal mining enterprises in North China and East China partly state-owned coal mining enterprises. Northeast People's Government consists of coal mining administration, management of state-owned coal mining enterprises in Northeast China. East, South, Southwest, Northwest Military and Political Committee set up under Ministry of Industry, Coal Authority, the management of state-owned coal mining enterprises in their respective districts. Provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) and the following industrial sectors at all levels, management at all levels of local coal mining enterprises. Jun. 1950, established the General Directorate of Geological Survey Coal Chamber, is responsible for coal geological survey and geological exploration drilling, coal matters. The first initial five-year plan, the state revoked the major SAR establishment. Fuel Industry in North China, Northeast, East, South, Southwest and Northwest regions 6 Coal Authority set up directly by the Fuel Administration of Coal Mine Industry leadership, responsible for managing state-owned coal mining enterprises area. At the same time, the Authority in the original coal mine based on geological exploration Room Geological Survey Department was established, the major area coal mining administration have set up a geological office. June 1953, the General Directorate of Mine Coal In order to strengthen the national unified leadership of geological exploration work, the Geological Survey Department, based on it, build the Administration of Coal Mine Geological Survey. In 1954, North China Coal Authority revoked, the state-owned coal mining enterprises in Hebei Administration of direct management by the coal mine, Shanxi Taiyuan Coal Authority was established to manage the province's state-owned coal mining enterprises. According to geological prospecting career development needs, the same year the spring, major area, coal Authority has established a branch of geological prospecting. 4 in September the same year, according to the development of the situation, but also has branches on the basis of exploration to establish the North, East, South, Southwest, Northwest Region 5 and the Northeast Coal Coal Geological Survey Geological Survey and the first north-east coalfield Second Geological Survey. July 1955, the First National People's Congress decided to remove the second meeting of the Ministry of Industry of fuel, set up Ministry of Petroleum Industry, Ministry of Power Industry and Ministry of Coal Industry. Administration of Coal Mine was dismantled. Northeast, East China, Central, Southwest, Northwest Region 5 Coal Authority were renamed Shenyang, Jinan, Wuhan, Chongqing, Xi'an Coal Authority, the same coal mining enterprises under its jurisdiction; Taiyuan Coal Authority remains the original establishment, common direct leadership by the Ministry of Coal Industry. In order to strengthen the leadership of various professional sectors, the establishment of Ministry of Coal Industry, General Administration were established geological exploration, design and infrastructure General Administration. And clearly established the major areas of geological prospecting is the Ministry of Coal Industry Bureau of Geological Exploration Bureau sent directly to the land management agencies. In 1958, the central management system on the direction of decentralization, the major area coal Authority revoked more than coal or more 15 provinces (autonomous regions) have established a Bureau of Coal Industry, the other provinces (autonomous regions) by industry Office of Management Office or the region where heavy coal mining enterprises. The 15 provinces (autonomous regions) Coal Industry Authority is under the Ministry of Coal Industry are: Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Sichuan, Yunnan, Ningxia 6 Council, as the business delegation, the rest were to provinces (autonomous regions) people the functions of the agency responsible for managing the province (autonomous region) of the state and local coal mines. At the same time, decided to withdraw the Ministry of Coal Industry Administration Geological Survey, Geological Survey Division re-established, management, the National Coal geology. Geological Survey, the major and their enterprises, should be handed over to the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) Mine administrative bodies. Adjustment period of 60 years, with the company's last collection, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, Hunan, Inner Mongolia provinces (autonomous regions) of the Coal Authority has also changed the leadership of the Ministry of Coal Industry, as the agency of Ministry of Coal Industry . During the ten years of chaos, the coal industry management system severely damaged. August 1967, Ministry of Coal Industry and the subordinate enterprises stationed in the military representatives of military control. The Ministry of Coal Industry, the preparatory group was set up during the Cultural Revolution, consists of production, infrastructure, planning, work four groups, responsible for leading the coal industry's "grasp revolution, promote production" work. January 1970, the State withdrew Ministry of Coal Industry, the coal, oil, chemicals three departments were consolidated into fuel and chemical industries. Group within the Department of coal production, coal infrastructure development group, responsible for the management of coal production and construction (including the geological exploration), and the remaining divisions into an integrated business group, in charge of the Ministry of the original three of the business. During this period, in addition to individual units, the coal enterprises have been delegated. Most of the provinces (autonomous regions) have established a fuel and chemical industries Bureau or the Industrial Development Bureau, as the provinces (autonomous regions) the functions of the Revolutionary Committee of the institution, responsible for the management of coal and other state-owned industrial enterprises. May 1973, fuel and chemical industries announced the establishment of Coal Geology Bureau. January 1975, the state decided to remove fuel and chemical industries, re-established Ministry of Coal Industry, and previously delegated to local management of the coal enterprises gradually reverted to the leadership of Ministry of Coal Industry. Coal Geology Bureau subsequently renamed the Ministry of Coal Industry Bureau of Geology, the provinces (autonomous regions) corresponding geological prospecting company gradually built up. In order to reverse ten years of chaos to the industrial management of the mess, since 1977, our management system on the local industry to adjust. In the adjustment process, a number of the overall national economy gradually recovered large key coal enterprises centrally managed, implemented by Ministry of Coal Industry-based dual leadership system. By 1985, the Ministry of Coal Industry dispatched directly under the management of organizations: the Northeast Coal Industrial Corporation of Inner Mongolia, Chongqing Coal Industry Corporation and Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Guizhou, Sichuan Bureau of Coal Industry, they represent the Ministry of Coal Industry management area of the coal enterprises. Other provinces (autonomous regions) in the coal industry is at the same level management functions of government institutions to manage the province (autonomous region) of coal enterprises, with the leadership of Ministry of Coal Industry is the business relationship. April 1988, the reform program under the State Council, set up by the coal, oil, the nuclear industry and the ministry of water resources and electric power all the functions of some of the government formed the Department of Energy, Ministry of Coal Industry withdrawn again. Set up the China General Coal Corporation, is responsible for management of coal mines and the former Ministry of Coal Industry, enterprises and institutions (excluding the north-east of Inner Mongolia Coal Industrial Corporation owned in part), the implementation of plans to separate, centralized management by the Department of Energy. Corporation consists of Coal Geology Bureau of China, responsible for managing the relations within the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in geological prospecting. Northeast Inner Mongolia coal industry to retain the joint company to manage the three northeastern provinces and Inner Mongolia, eastern Union (jirem Union, Hing'an Hulunbeir) and one city (Chifeng) of coal enterprises, under the jurisdiction of the Department of Energy leadership. The company consists of Coal Geology Bureau, the management of the region where geological prospecting. Under the Ministry of Coal Industry of China where coal joint venture development company transferred to the Department of Energy centralized management, and to assist the Department of Energy on the implementation of the national local coal industry management. Thus, the formation of a long coal industry management system, loss of unified planning and development, and management functions. March 1993, the Eighth National People's Congress decided to remove the first meeting of the Department of Energy and the China General Coal Corporation, Coal Industry Ministry set up again. Northeast Inner Mongolia Coal Industrial Corporation and the local coal mines in China joint venture development company transferred to Ministry of Coal Industry to implement centralized management. China Coal Geological Bureau changed its name to China's General Administration of Coal Geology, geological prospecting the country unified management. March 1994, Ministry of Coal Industry decided to withdraw the northeast of Inner Mongolia Coal Industrial Corporation, set up in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia Bureau of Coal Industry, the same province (autonomous region) of the coal industry department (bureau) as a body 2 brand, the implementation of the coal-based dual leadership of the Ministry of Industry, unified management of their domestic coal enterprises. Since then, some coal mines in the provinces (autonomous regions) do the same set up one after another under the dual leadership of the provincial coal industry administration; no coal mines since the formation of a government led by the Office of the coal industry dominated. March 1998 the Ninth National People's Congress approved the first meeting of the State Council reform plan, decided not to keep The People's Republic of China Ministry of Coal Industry, the Economic and Trade Commission in charge of the coal industry consists of the State Coal Industry Bureau, whose main duties are: ① the development of coal industry development strategy, industrial planning, rational development and utilization of coal resource made recommendations to promote adjustment of industrial structure and guide the rational distribution of industry. ② the study proposed the development of coal industry policies and regulations; organizations to develop industry rules, norms and technical standards; coordination within the industry relations and maintaining fair competition order; of convergence need to make transportation of coal production and related policy recommendations. ③ of development of coal industry reform policies and measures to guide the reform of state-owned coal enterprises, restructuring, establishing modern enterprise system, promoting the state-owned coal enterprises in bankruptcy, turning loss into gain, changing the line shunt, the implementation of re-employment project. ④ decentralized organization and implementation work of state-owned key coal mines. ⑤ coal production and management according to rectify the order, shutting down illegal coal mines up and operate various types. ⑥ promote the reform of institutions directly, to the society, access to markets, reducing subsidies, increasing efficiency by downsizing. ⑦ understand and analyze the dynamics of industrial production of coal, collection, analysis and dissemination of economic, technological and domestic coal market information, providing information consulting services. ⑧ intergovernmental organizations, the coal industry economic and technological cooperation and exchanges. ⑨ by the State Council and the Economic and Trade Commission other tasks